Shaanxi Drum Domestic 4-in-1 Unit——Promote Upgrading of Nitric Acid Production in China
China's domestically developed double-pressurization nitric acid four-in-one unit has seen rapid adoption in recent years. Since the first such unit was launched in 1999, by the end of 2005, China had already established four units with a capacity of 100,000 tons per year. The successful application of pressurized nitric acid technology marked a major milestone. Recently, on June 14, the fifth 100,000-ton-per-year unit was completed and started at Anhui Huatai Chemical Co., Ltd., producing qualified concentrated nitric acid. According to Wang Kongbin, deputy chief engineer of the company, after over a month of operation, the unit's performance has reached international advanced standards. This information was shared at the 3rd National Nitrate and Nitrate Technical Conference.
Currently, the promotion of the four-in-one unit independently developed by Shaanxi Drum Power Co., Ltd. is accelerating. As of July this year, the company has secured 16 orders, with five units already in industrial use across Yunnan, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Hebei, and Anhui provinces. Ten more units are under processing for companies like Shandong Haihua, Kaifeng Jinkai, and Shandong United. Additionally, 150,000-ton-per-year units have been signed, and negotiations are ongoing for 270,000-ton-per-year units. With these projects coming online, the development of Shaanxi Drum’s nitric acid four-in-one units will undoubtedly help China transition from a nitric acid producer to a global leader in the industry.
China's nitric acid production began in 1935, with an initial capacity of only 1,200 tons per year. By 1970, the national capacity had grown to 2.1 million tons annually. Since the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the industry has experienced significant growth. In recent years, domestic production has increased by over 10% annually. By 2005, total production capacity reached 5.45 million tons per year, with the double-pressurization method accounting for 1.91 million tons, or 35.2% of the total. This process, which includes 0.45 MPa oxidation and 1.1 MPa acid absorption, is now widely used in new installations due to its efficiency, reduced platinum and ammonia consumption, and low nitrogen oxide emissions (under 200 ppm).
Existing domestic double-pressurization units have capacities of 350, 450, and 900 tons per day. Their core four-in-one unit is large-scale, energy-efficient, and highly automated, making it a key factor in China’s push toward advanced nitric acid technology. However, the unit is complex, high-tech, and costly, with imported versions often accounting for over 60% of total investment. Thus, localizing the four-in-one unit has become a critical challenge in achieving world-class nitric acid production capabilities.
To address this, Shaanxi Drum began innovating over 20 years ago, aiming to break foreign technical barriers. By introducing Swiss SULZER compressor design and machine set technology, the company successfully developed its first four-in-one unit in 1999, which was used at Yunnan Yunfeng Chemical. Subsequent improvements led to successful applications at several other plants, including Shijiazhuang Fertilizer Plant and Sinopec Nanhua Group. These units have shown improved performance, technology, and environmental compliance, meeting the needs of various companies.
Moving forward, Shaanxi Drum aims to continuously enhance its units, striving to replace imports and gain global recognition. The adoption of domestic four-in-one units has provided a crucial opportunity for the Chinese nitric acid industry to upgrade its technology. Recent developments show a shift from traditional methods to double-pressurization, with units operating efficiently, safely, and with self-sufficient steam and low emissions. These advancements will help reduce costs, save capital, lower energy use, and minimize environmental impact for new domestic producers.
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