CNC machine tool detection device
The detection device we are referring to here is a position detection system commonly used in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine tools. These devices are typically mounted on the machine tool's table or lead screw, acting as the "dial" of traditional machinery and the "eyes" of the operator. They continuously monitor and feed back the movement of the worktable to the control system. A wealth of practical evidence shows that for a well-designed high-precision CNC machine tool, its machining accuracy and positioning precision largely depend on the performance of the detection system. Therefore, a precise detection device plays a crucial role in ensuring the overall accuracy of CNC machines.
In general, the detection systems used in CNC machines should meet several key requirements:
1. Reliable operation with strong resistance to interference.
2. Ability to meet the demands of both precision and speed.
3. Easy to install, use, and maintain, while being suitable for the harsh environments found in machine tool operations.
4. Cost-effective design for widespread application.
Typically, the detection accuracy of such devices ranges from 0.001 to 0.01 mm per meter, with a resolution between 0.001 and 0.01 mm per meter. This level of performance is sufficient to support the movement of the machine tool table at speeds ranging from 1 to 10 meters per minute.
Table 4-1 lists the types of position detection devices currently used in CNC machine tools. This chapter will introduce some of the most commonly used ones.
**Table 4-1: Classification of Position Detection Devices**
| Type | Sub-Type |
|--------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Digital | |
| Analog | |
| Incremental | |
| Absolute | |
| Incremental | |
| Absolute | |
| Rotary Line | Circular Grating |
| | Code Disk |
| | Resolver, Circular Induction Synchronizer, Circular Magnetic Encoder |
| | Multipole Rotatory Transformer |
| Linear | Long Grating |
| | Laser Interferometer |
| | Code Ruler |
| | Linear Induction Synchronizer, Magnetic Grid, Capacitive Grid |
| | Absolute Magnetic Ruler |
These devices play a critical role in the accuracy and reliability of modern CNC systems, enabling precise control over tool movements and ensuring high-quality manufacturing results.
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